1964 New York World's Fair

src: www.nycago.org

The 1964/1965 New York World's Fair held over 140 pavilions, 110 restaurants, for 80 nations (hosted by 37), 24 US states, and over 45 corporations to build exhibits or attractions at Flushing Meadows Park in Queens, NY. The immense fair covered 646 acres (261 ha) on half the park, with numerous pools or fountains, and an amusement park with rides near the lake. However, the fair did not receive official sanctioning from the Bureau of International Expositions (BIE). Hailing itself as a "universal and international" exposition, the fair's theme was "Peace Through Understanding", dedicated to "Man's Achievement on a Shrinking Globe in an Expanding Universe". American companies dominated the exposition as exhibitors. The theme was symbolized by a 12-story-high, stainless-steel model of the earth called the Unisphere, built on the foundation of the Perisphere from the 1939 NYC fair. The fair ran for two six-month seasons, April 22 - October 18, 1964, and April 21 - October 17, 1965. Admission price for adults (13 and older) was $2 in 1964 (equivalent to $15.78 in 2017) but $2.50 (equivalent to $19.41 in 2017) in 1965, and $1 for children (2-12) both years (equivalent to $7.89 in 2017).

The fair is noted as a showcase of mid-20th-century American culture and technology. The nascent Space Age, with its vista of promise, was well represented. More than 51 million people attended the fair, though fewer than the hoped-for 70 million. It remains a touchstone for many American Baby Boomers, who visited the optimistic fair as children before the turbulent years of the Vietnam War, cultural changes, and increasing domestic violence associated with the Civil Rights Movement.

In many ways the fair symbolized a grand consumer show covering many products produced in America at the time for transportation, living, and consumer electronic needs in a way that would never be repeated at future world's fairs in North America. Many major American manufacturing companies from pen manufacturers, to chemical companies, to computers, to automobiles had a major presence. This fair gave many attendees their first interaction with computer equipment. Corporations demonstrated the use of mainframe computers, computer terminals with keyboards and CRT displays, teletype machines, punch cards, and telephone modems in an era when computer equipment was kept in back offices away from the public, decades before the Internet and home computers were at everyone's disposal.

Video 1964 New York World's Fair

Site history

The site, Flushing Meadows Corona Park in the borough of Queens, was previously Manhattan's Corona Ash Dumps featured prominently in F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby as the Valley of Ashes. Prior to that, the site had been a natural wetland--literally wetland meadows that would flush the nearby runoff entering the adjacent bay. Flushing Meadows had been a Dutch settlement, named after the city of Vlissingen (whose English name is "Flushing").

Subsequently, the site was reclaimed for the 1939/1940 New York World's Fair, one of the largest world's fairs to be held in the United States, occupying nearly a square mile (2.6 km²) of land. The 1939 fair also occupied space that was filled in for the 1964/1965 exposition. Preceding these fairs was the 1853-54 New York's World's Fair, called the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations, located in the New York Crystal Palace on what is now Bryant Park in the borough of Manhattan, New York City (All three of New York's world's fairs were the only international expositions to run for two years, rather than one).

Maps 1964 New York World's Fair

Beginnings

The 1964/1965 Fair was conceived by a group of New York businessmen who remembered their childhood experiences at the 1939 New York World's Fair. Thoughts of an economic boom to the city as the result of increased tourism was a major reason for holding another fair 25 years after the 1939/1940 extravaganza. Then-New York City mayor, Robert F. Wagner, Jr., commissioned Frederick Pittera, a producer of international fairs and exhibitions, and author of the history of International Fairs & Exhibitions for the Encyclopædia Britannica and Compton's Encyclopedia, to prepare the first feasibility studies for the 1964/1965 New York World's Fair. He was joined by Austrian architect Victor Gruen (creator of the shopping mall) in studies that eventually led the Eisenhower Commission to award the world's fair to New York City in competition with a number of American cities.

Organizers turned to private financing and the sale of bonds to pay the huge costs to stage them. The organizers hired New York's "Master Builder" Robert Moses, to head the corporation established to run the fair because he was experienced in raising money for vast public projects. Moses had been a formidable figure in the city since coming to power in the 1930s. He was responsible for the construction of much of the city's highway infrastructure and, as parks commissioner for decades, the creation of much of the city's park system.

In the mid-1930s, Moses oversaw the conversion of a vast Queens tidal marsh garbage dump into the fairgrounds that hosted the 1939/1940 World's Fair. Called Flushing Meadows Park, it was Moses' grandest park scheme. He envisioned this vast park, comprising some 1,300 acres (5 km²) of land, easily accessible from Manhattan, as a major recreational playground for New Yorkers. When the 1939/1940 World's Fair ended in financial failure, Moses did not have the available funds to complete work on his project. He saw the 1964/1965 Fair as a means to finish what the earlier fair had begun.

To ensure profits to complete the park, fair organizers knew they would have to maximize receipts. An estimated attendance of 70 million people would be needed to turn a profit and, for attendance that large, the fair would need to be held for two years. The World's Fair Corporation also decided to charge site-rental fees to all exhibitors who wished to construct pavilions on the grounds. This decision caused the fair to come into conflict with the Bureau of International Expositions (BIE), as the international body headquartered in Paris that sanctions world's fairs: BIE rules stated that an international exposition could run for one six-month period only, and no rent could be charged to exhibitors. In addition, the rules allowed only one exposition in any given country within a 10-year period, and the Seattle World's Fair had already been sanctioned for 1962, as 2 years prior.

The United States was not a member of the BIE at the time, but fair organizers understood that a sanction by the BIE would assure that its nearly 40 member nations would participate in the fair. Moses, undaunted by the rules, journeyed to Paris to seek official approval for the New York fair. When the BIE balked at New York's bid, Moses, used to having his way in New York, angered the BIE delegates by taking his case to the press, publicly stating his disdain for the BIE and its rules. The BIE retaliated by formally requesting its member nations not to participate in the New York fair. The 1939/1940 and 1964/1965 New York World's Fairs were the only significant world's fairs since the formation of the BIE to be held without its endorsement.

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Architecture

Many of the pavilions were built in a Mid-Century modern style that was heavily influenced by "Googie architecture". This was a futurist architectural style influenced by car culture, jet aircraft, the Space Age, and the Atomic Age, which were all on display at the fair. Some pavilions were explicitly shaped like the product they were promoting, such as the US Royal tire-shaped Ferris wheel, or even the corporate logo, such as the Johnson Wax pavilion. Other pavilions were more abstract representations, such as the oblate spheroid-shaped IBM pavilion, or the General Electric circular dome shaped "Carousel of Progress".

The pavilion architectures often expressed a new-found freedom of form enabled by modern building materials, such as reinforced concrete, fiberglass, plastic, tempered glass, and stainless steel. The facade or the entire structure of a pavilion served as a giant billboard advertising the country or organization housed inside, flamboyantly competing for the attention of busy and distracted fairgoers.

By contrast, some of the smaller international, US state, and organizational pavilions were built in more traditional styles, such as a Swiss chalet or a Chinese temple. After the fair's final closing in 1965, some pavilions crafted of wood were carefully disassembled and transported elsewhere for re-use.

Other pavilions were "decorated sheds", a building method later described by Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown, using plain structural shells embellished with applied decorations. This allowed designers to simulate a traditional style while bypassing expensive and time-consuming methods of traditional construction. The expedient was considered acceptable for temporary buildings planned to be used for only two years, and then to be demolished.

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International participation

The BIE rejection was nearly a disaster for the fair. The absence of Canada, Australia, most of the major European nations and the Soviet Union, all members of the BIE, tarnished the image of the fair. Additionally, New York was forced to compete with both Seattle and Montreal for international participants, with many nations choosing the officially sanctioned world's fairs of those cities over the New York Fair. The fair turned to trade and tourism organizations within many countries to sponsor national exhibits in lieu of official government sponsorship of pavilions.

New York City, in the middle of the 20th century, was at a zenith of economic power and world prestige. Unconcerned by BIE rules, nations with smaller economies (as well as private groups in (or relevant to) some BIE members) saw it as an honor to host an exhibit at the Fair. Therefore, smaller nations made up the majority of the international participation. Spain, Vatican City, Japan, Mexico, Sweden, Austria, Denmark, Thailand, Philippines, Greece, and Pakistan, and Ireland to name some, hosted national presences at the Fair. Indonesia sponsored a pavilion, but relations deteriorated rapidly between that nation and the USA during 1964, fueled by anti-Western and anti-American rhetoric and policies by Indonesian president Sukarno, which angered US President Lyndon Johnson. Indonesia withdrew from the United Nations in January 1965, and officially from the Fair in March. The Fair Corporation then seized and shut down the Indonesian pavilion, and it remained closed and barricaded for the 1965 season.

One of the fair's most popular exhibits was the Vatican Pavilion, where Michelangelo's Pietà was displayed and brought in from St Peter's Basilica with the permission of Pope John XXIII; a small plaza, exedra monument, marking the spot (and Pope Paul VI's visit in October 1965) remains there today. A modern replica had been transported beforehand to ensure that the statue could be conveyed without being damaged. This copy is now on view in the Immaculate Conception Seminary in Douglaston, NY. The exedra monument is now utilized with permits since 1975 for prayer Vigils by Our Lady of the Roses relocated from Bayside, New York.

A recreation of a medieval Belgian village proved very popular. Fairgoers were treated to the "Bel-Gem Brussels Waffle"--a combination of waffle, strawberries and whipped cream, sold by a Brussels couple, Maurice Vermersch and his wife.

Fairgoers could also enjoy sampling sandwiches from around the world at the popular Seven Up International Sandwich Gardens Pavilion which featured the innovative fiberglass Seven Up Tower. In addition to all the 7-Up beverages one could drink, fair-goers were invited to sample varied culinary delights representing sixteen countries. While dining, visitors enjoyed live performances on four circular stages from various instrumentalists which included a five piece musical ensemble - the 7-Up Continental Band. The musical programs included popular show tunes from the Broadway stage in America, as well as musical favorites from both Europe and Latin America The soloist John Serry Sr. appeared regularly with the orchestra to compliment the international flavor of the musical program. The dining pods featured furnishings designed by the futuristic Finnish-American architect Eero Saarinen and were enclosed by twenty-four futuristic fiberglass domes which were topped by a commanding clock tower which soared over 107 feet (33 m) above the entire pavilion.

Emerging African nations displayed their wares in the Africa Pavilion. Controversy broke out when the Jordanian pavilion displayed a mural emphasizing the plight of the Palestinian people. The Jordanians also donated an ancient column which remains at their former site. The city of West Berlin, a Cold War hot-spot, hosted a popular display.

On April 21, 1965, as part of the opening ceremonies for the second season of the 1964/1965 New York World's Fair, Ethiopian long-distance runners Abebe Bikila and Mamo Wolde participated in an exclusive ceremonial half marathon. They ran from the Arsenal in Central Park at 64th Street & Fifth Avenue in Manhattan to the Singer Bowl at the fair. They carried with them a parchment scroll with greetings from Haile Selassie.

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Federal and state exhibits

US Pavilion

The US Pavilion was titled "Challenge to Greatness" and focused on President Lyndon B. Johnson's "Great Society" proposals. The main show in the multimillion-dollar pavilion was a 15-minute ride through a filmed presentation of American history. Visitors seated in moving grandstands rode past movie screens that slid in, out and over the path of the traveling audience. Elsewhere, there were tributes to President John F. Kennedy, who had broken ground for the pavilion in December 1962 but had been assassinated in November 1963 before the fair opened.

United States Space Park

A 2-acre (8,100 m²) United States Space Park was sponsored by NASA, the Department of Defense and the fair. Exhibits included a full-scale model of the aft skirt and five F-1 engines of the first stage of a Saturn V, a Titan II booster with a Gemini capsule, an Atlas with a Mercury capsule and a Thor-Delta rocket. On display at ground level were Aurora 7, the Mercury capsule flown on the second US manned orbital flight; full-scale models of an X-15 aircraft, an Agena upper stage; a Gemini spacecraft; an Apollo command/service module, and a Lunar Excursion Module. Replicas of unmanned spacecraft included lunar probe Ranger VII; Mariner II and Mariner IV; Syncom, Telstar I, and Echo II communications satellites; Explorer I and Explorer XVI; and Tiros and Nimbus weather satellites.

New York State Pavilion

New York played host to the fair at its six-million-dollar open-air pavilion called the "Tent of Tomorrow." Designed by famed modernist architect Philip Johnson, the 350-foot-by-250-foot pavilion was supported by sixteen 100-foot-high concrete columns, from which a 50,000-square-foot roof of polychrome tiles was suspended. Complementing the pavilion were the fair's three high-spot observation towers, two of which had cafeterias in their in-the-round observation-deck crowns. The pavilion's main floor, used for local art and industry displays including a 26-foot scale reproduction of the New York State Power Authority's St. Lawrence hydroelectric plant, comprised a 9,000-square-foot terrazzo replica of the official Texaco highway map of New York State, displaying the map's cities, towns, routes and Texaco gas stations in 567 mosaic panels. An idea floated after the fair to use the floor for the World Trade Center did not materialize. The Fair was held in New York in honor of the 300th Anniversary of the naming of New York when King Charles II sent an English fleet to reclaim it from the Dutch in 1664. Prince James, the Duke of York named it New York from New Amsterdam.

Other state pavilions

Wisconsin exhibited the "World's Largest Cheese." Florida brought a dolphin show, flamingos, a talented cockatoo from Miami's Parrot Jungle, and water skiers to New York. Oklahoma gave weary fairgoers a restful park to relax in. Missouri displayed the state's space-related industries. Visitors could dine at Hawaii's "Five Volcanoes" restaurant.

New York City Pavilion

At the New York City pavilion, the Panorama of the City of New York (a huge scale model of the City) was on display, complete with a simulated helicopter ride around the metropolis for easy viewing. Left over from the 1939 Fair, this building had been used partially as a recreational public roller skating rink.

Bourbon Street Pavilion

Louisiana had a pavilion called "Louisiana's Bourbon Street" (later renamed to just "Bourbon Street"), which was inspired by New Orleans' French Quarter. It started off with financial trouble, not being able to complete its construction and subsequently filing for bankruptcy. A private company, called Pavilion Property, bought up the assets and assumed its debts. This prompted Louisiana Governor John McKeithen to sever all ties and withdraw state's sanction, leaving the pavilion completely to private enterprise.

Special media attention was given to a racially integrated minstrel show, that was intended to be satirical anti-bigotry, called "America, Be Seated", produced by Mike Todd Jr. During the opening of the fair, several civil rights protests were staged by members of the NAACP, who believed that the "minstrel-style" show was demeaning to African-Americans.

The pavilion included ten theater restaurants, which served a variety of Creole food, a Jazz club called "Jazzland" which hosted live jazz artists, miniature Mardi Gras parades, a teenage dancing venue, a voodoo shop, and a doll museum. Due to the presence of the various bars, the pavilion was especially popular at night. Notable go-go dancer Candy Johnson headlined a show at a venue called "Gay New Orleans Nightclub". Near the closure of the fair, the pavilion was reported to have achieved the highest gross income of any single commercial pavilion at the fair. The 26-year-old director of operations, Gordon Novel, was called an "Entrepreneurial Prodigy & Boy Wonder" in Variety for his accomplishments.

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American industry

Many of the U.S.' top corporations built pavilions to demonstrate their wares, vision, and corporate cultures. These included:

General Motors

Industries played a major role at the New York World's Fair of 1939/1940 by hosting huge, elaborate exhibits. Many of them returned to the New York World's Fair of 1964/1965 with even more elaborate versions of the shows that they had presented 25 years earlier. The most notable of these was General Motors Corporation whose Futurama proved to be the fair's most popular exhibit, in which visitors seated in moving chairs glided past elaborately detailed miniature 3D model scenery showing what life might be like in the "near-future". Nearly 26 million people took the journey into the future during the fair's two-year run.

IBM

The IBM Corporation had a popular pavilion, where a giant 500-seat grandstand called the "People Wall" was pushed by hydraulic rams high up into an ellipsoidal theater designed by Eero Saarinen. There, a film by Charles and Ray Eames titled Think was shown on fourteen projectors on nine screens, illuminating the workings of computer logic. At ground level beneath the theater, visitors could explore Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond (an exhibit of mathematical models and curiosities) and view the Mathematics Peep Show (a series of short films illustrating basic mathematical concepts).

Bell System

The Bell System (prior to its break up into regional companies) hosted a 15-minute ride in moving armchairs depicting the history of communications in dioramas and film. Other Bell exhibits included the Picturephone as well as a demonstration of the computer modem.

Westinghouse

The Westinghouse Corporation planted a second time capsule next to the 1939 one; today both Westinghouse Time Capsules are marked by a monument southwest of the Unisphere which is to be opened in the year 6939. Some of its contents were a World's Fair Guidebook, an electric toothbrush, credit cards (relatively new at the time) and a 50-star United States flag.

Sinclair Oil

The Sinclair Oil Corporation sponsored "Dinoland", featuring life-size replicas of nine different dinosaurs, including the corporation's signature Brontosaurus. The statues were created by Louis Paul Jonas Studios in Hudson, New York.

Ford

The Ford Motor Company introduced the Ford Mustang automobile to the public at its pavilion on April 17, 1964. The Ford pavilion featured the "Ford's Magic Skyway" ride, in which guests rode in Ford convertibles past scenes featuring dinosaurs, cavemen, and a futuristic cityscape. After the Fair, the dinosaurs would move to Disneyland, becoming part of the Santa Fe & Disneyland Railroad's "Primeval World" diorama in 1966.

DuPont

DuPont presented a musical review by composer Michael Brown called "The Wonderful World of Chemistry".

Parker Pen

At the Parker Pen Company's exhibit, a computer would make a match to an international penpal.

Chunky Candy

The Chunky Candy Corporation put on a transparent display of candy manufacturing where visitors were able to view "all the steps in a highly automated process". The Pavilion also included an interactive sculpture playground called "Sculpture Continuum," designed by Oliver O'Connor Barrett.

src: parade.com

Films

The fair was also a showplace for independent films. One of the most noted was a religious film titled Parable which showed at the Protestant Pavilion. It depicted humanity as a traveling circus and Jesus Christ as a clown. This marked the beginning of a new depiction of Jesus and was the inspiration for the musical Godspell. Parable later went on to be honored at Cannes, as well as the Edinburgh Film Festival and Venice Film Festival. Another religious film was presented by evangelist Billy Graham called Man in the 5th Dimension. It was shot in the 70mm Todd-AO widescreen process for exclusive presentation in a specially designed theater equipped with audio equipment that enabled viewers to listen to the film in Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Russian, and Spanish. The 13-½ minute film Man's Search for Happiness was made for the Mormon Pavilion.

The surprise hit of the fair was a non-commercial movie short presented by the SC Johnson Wax Company called To Be Alive!. The film celebrated the joy of life found worldwide and in all cultures, and it won a special award from the New York Film Critics Circle and the 1966 Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject).

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Disney influence

The fair is remembered as the venue that Walt Disney used to design and perfect his system of "Audio-Animatronics", in which electromechanical actuators and computers control the movement of lifelike robots to act out scenes. WED Enterprises designed and created four shows at the fair:

• "Pepsi-Cola Presents Walt Disney's 'It's a Small World'--a Salute to UNICEF and the World's Children" at the Pepsi-Cola pavilion: Animated dolls and animals frolicked in a spirit of international unity accompanying a boat ride around the world. The iconic song was written by the Sherman Brothers. Each of the animated dolls had an identical face designed by New York artist Gregory S. Marinello in partnership with Walt Disney.
• General Electric sponsored "Progressland" where an audience was seated in a revolving auditorium called the "Carousel of Progress", where they viewed an audio-animatronic presentation of the progress of electricity in the home. The Sherman Brothers composed "There's a Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow" for this attraction. The highlight of the exhibit demonstrated a brief plasma "explosion" of controlled nuclear fusion.
• Ford Motor Company presented "Ford's Magic Skyway", a WED Imagineering-designed pavilion which was the second-most popular exhibit at the fair. It featured 50 motorless convertible Ford vehicles, including Mustangs, in an early prototype of what became the PeopleMover ride system. Audience members entered the vehicles on a main platform as they moved slowly along the track. The ride moved the audience through scenes featuring life-sized, audio-animatronic dinosaurs and cavemen.
• At the Illinois pavilion, a lifelike President Abraham Lincoln recited his famous speeches in "Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln", voiced by Royal Dano.

WED also created the 120-foot-high (37 m) Tower of the Four Winds which was located at the It's a Small World pavilion. In addition, costumed versions of Walt Disney's famous cartoon characters roamed around the fairgrounds and interacted with guests. After the fair, there was some discussion of the Disney company retaining these exhibits on-site and converting Flushing Meadows Park into an East Coast version of Disneyland, but this idea was abandoned. Instead, Disney relocated several of the exhibits to Disneyland in Anaheim, California, and subsequently replicated them at other Disney theme parks. Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida is essentially the realization of the original concept of an "East Coast Disneyland", with Epcot Center designed as a permanent world's fair.

src: www.nycago.org

Failure of amusements

One of the fair's major crowd-attracting and financial shortcomings was the absence of a midway. The fair's organizers were opposed, on principle, to the honky-tonk atmosphere engendered by midways, and this was another thing that irked the BIE, which insisted that all officially sanctioned fairs have a midway. What amusements the fair actually had ended up being largely dull. The Meadow Lake Amusement Area was not easily accessible, and officials objected to shows being advertised.

Furthermore, although the Amusement Area was supposed to remain open for four hours after the exhibits closed at 10 pm, the fair presented a fountain-and-fireworks show every night at 9 pm at the Pool of Industry. Fairgoers would see this show and then leave the fair rather than head to the Amusement Area; one was hard pressed to see anyone on the fairgrounds by midnight.

The fair's big entertainment spectacles, including the "Wonder World" at the Meadow Lake Amphitheater, "To Broadway with Love" in the Texas Pavilion, and Dick Button's "Ice-travaganza" in the New York City Pavilion, all closed ahead of schedule, with heavy losses. It became apparent that fairgoers did not go to the fair for its entertainment value, especially as there was plenty of entertainment in Manhattan.

A notable exception to this situation was Les Poupées de Paris (The Dolls of Paris), an adults-only musical puppet show created, produced and directed by Sid and Marty Krofft. This show, modeled after the Paris revues Lido and Folies Bergère, was heavily attended, and financially successful.

src: www.wdwfanzone.com

Controversial ending

The fair ended in controversy over allegations of financial mismanagement. Controversy had plagued it during much of its two-year run. The Fair Corporation had taken in millions of dollars in advance ticket sales for both the 1964 and 1965 seasons. However, the receipts of these sales were booked entirely against the first season of the fair. This made it appear that the fair had plenty of operating cash when, in fact, it was borrowing from the second season's gate to pay the bills. Before and during the 1964 season, the fair spent much money despite attendance that was below expectations. By the end of the 1964 season, Moses and the press began to realize that there would not be enough money to pay the bills and the fair teetered on bankruptcy. In March 1965 a group of bankers and politicians asked showman Billy Rose to take over the fair, which he declined stating: "I'd rather be hit by a baseball bat" and "cancer in its last stages never attracted me very much".

While the 1939-1940 New York World's Fair returned 40 cents on the dollar to bond investors, the 1964/1965 fair returned only 19.2 cents on the dollar.

src: cdn.ultraswank.net

On-site legacy

New York City was left with a much-improved Flushing Meadows Park following the fair, taking possession of the park from the Fair Corporation in June 1967. Today, it is heavily used for walking and recreation, and the paths and their names remain almost unchanged from the days of the fair. The Unisphere stands at the center of the park as a symbol of "Man's Achievements on a Shrinking Globe in an Expanding Universe". It was featured in the 1997 film Men in Black, where it was portrayed as being destroyed by a crashing space ship. The Unisphere has become a symbol of Queens and has appeared on the cover of the borough's telephone directory books.

The city also inherited a multimillion-dollar science museum and space park exhibiting the rockets and vehicles used in America's early space exploration projects. The space park deteriorated due to neglect, but in 2004 the surviving rockets were restored and placed back on display. The outdoors exhibit is now part of the expanded New York Hall of Science, a portion of whose building is also a remnant of the fair. The carousel that was the centerpiece of Carousel Park in the Lake Amusement Area was relocated to the former Transportation Area outside of the Queens Zoo in the park where it still operates today.

The New York State Pavilion was retained for future use, but it found no use other than as TV and movie sets. In the decades after the fair closed, it remained an abandoned and badly neglected relic, with its roof gone and the once bright floors and walls almost faded away; the Texaco terrazzo floor map of New York State was exposed to the weather and was ruined. In 1994, the Queens Theater took over the Circarama adjacent to the towers and continues to operate there, using the ruined state pavilion as a storage depot. Some conservation and restoration efforts were demonstrated in 2008 by researchers from the University of Pennsylvania, and a handful of local groups advocated for funds to complete the tile floor's restoration. The New York State Pavilion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. In the fall of 2013, New York City's Department of Parks and Recreation announced plans to restore the pavilion with new landscaped paths and event spaces at an estimated cost of $73 million, as opposed to the $14 million cost to demolish the structure.

The former New York City Pavilion is now home to the Queens Museum, which also continues to display the scale model Panorama of the City of New York, updated from time to time. The historic 1939 structure also has an excellent display of memorabilia from the two world's fairs, as well as an original 3D scale model of the entire 1964 World's Fair site. In April 2011, the Queens Museum broke ground on an expansion project that almost doubled its floor space, bringing the total to about 100,000 square feet (9,300 m²). Flushing Meadows-Corona Park became the home to the United States Tennis Association in 1978, and the US Open tennis tournament is played there annually.

src: cdn.theatlantic.com

Reuse of pavilions and major exhibits elsewhere

Like its predecessor, the 1964/1965 New York World's Fair lost money. It was unable to repay its financial backers their investment, and it became embroiled in legal disputes with its creditors until 1970, when the books were finally closed and the New York World's Fair 1964-1965 Corporation was dissolved. Most of the pavilions constructed for the fair were demolished within six months following the fair's close. While only a handful of pavilions and exhibits survived, some of them traveled great distances and found new homes following the fair:

• The Austria pavilion became a ski lodge at Cockaigne Ski Resort in western New York. On January 25, 2011, the building was destroyed by fire.
• The Wisconsin pavilion's front teepee-like portion became a radio station in Neillsville, Wisconsin. The pavilion's large rear structure that formed a squat-looking "H" (if seen from above) is the combined kitchen, dining hall, and recreation hall of Camp Ramah in upstate Lakewood, Pennsylvania.
• The US Royal tire-shaped Ferris wheel was relocated to become a landmark along Interstate 94 in the Metro Detroit Downriver community of Allen Park, Michigan.
• The Pavilion of Spain relocated to St. Louis, Missouri, and is now a part of a Hilton Hotel.
• The Parker Pen pavilion became offices for the Lodge of Four Seasons in Lake of the Ozarks, Missouri.
• The Golden Rondelle Theater was reworked by Taliesin Associated Architects, and moved to the S. C. Johnson administration complex in Racine, Wisconsin, which was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.
• The chapel and stained glass windows from the Vatican pavilion were built into a Roman Catholic church called Saint Mary Mother of the Redeemer in Groton, Connecticut.
• The Christian Science pavilion became a church in Poway, California. The structure was demolished in 2006.
• The Mormon pavilion became a church in Plainview, New York, dedicated December 2, 1967, and still in use.
• A large oil painting of a woman, painted in 1964 by Roy Lichtenstein and titled New York World's Fair, is in the Weisman Art Museum in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
• The carillon from the Coca-Cola Pavilion was moved to Stone Mountain Park, near Atlanta, Georgia.
• Mathematica: A World of Numbers... and Beyond, an interactive exhibit from the IBM Pavilion, was relocated to the Pacific Science Center in Seattle, but is no longer there. An identical copy of the exhibit was obtained by the New York Hall of Science around 2000, and remains on display not far from the site of the original 1964 installation.
• For many years the fair's amateur radio station console was used by the American Radio Relay League. Later sold, in 2006 it was purchased by a Collins Radio collector in Texas.
• The illuminated "G" from the large fiberglass square and compasses that stood in front of the Masonic Brotherhood Center was moved to the New York Masonic Home campus in Utica, New York, and installed into a smaller sculpture. The Grand Lodge of New York installed a bronze sculpture by artist Donald De Lue, of George Washington in Masonic regalia at the fairgrounds after it closed. It still stands near the soccer fields. (De Lue also sculpted the Fair's iconic Rocket Thrower sculpture.)
• Sinclair Oil "Dinoland" spent a period of time as a traveling exhibit. The Stegosaurus model was eventually donated to Dinosaur National Monument. The Stegosaurus and some of the others still remain in displays at various locations.
• As noted, the Disney-created attraction It's a small world was transferred to Disneyland, along with the "Carousel of Progress" and the first Abraham Lincoln audio-animatronics figure for the original Great Moments With Mr. Lincoln show. Scenery and the audio-animatronics dinosaurs from the Ford Magic Skyway show were installed in the Disneyland Railroad's Primeval World Diorama, and the attraction's actual WEDway ride system was improved upon and used for Tomorrowland's PeopleMover.
• Some of the light fixtures that lined the walkways can be found still functioning at Penn Hills Resort in the Pocono Mountains, Analomink, Pennsylvania, and the Orange County Fairgrounds in Middletown, New York. Until 2011, Canobie Lake Park in Salem, New Hampshire, also had the Illuminators, but they have since been replaced. Canobie Lake Park also has been reusing street mailbox-shaped trash cans from the World's Fair.
• The Skyway cable car tower structures and gondolas were moved to Six Flags Great Adventure (at that time called Great Adventure) in New Jersey for use from 1974 to the present.
• The New England Pavilion was disassembled and moved to South Portland, Maine, where most of it was reassembled and used as a small shopping mall at 50 Maine Mall Road. In August 2016, these buildings were torn down to make way for new businesses.
• The World's Fair Building/Churchill Tribute was dismantled after the fair and later reassembled as the aviary for the Flushing Meadows zoo (now Queens Zoo). It is still in use.
• The Triumph of Man exhibit from the Traveler's Insurance Pavilion was on display at the original location of the Center of Science and Industry (COSI) in Columbus, Ohio, from 1966 to 1999 when the museum moved. It had been revamped as the Time Tunnel in 1983.
• The Belgian Village carousel after the 1964 World's Fair went to Montreal, Quebec, Canada, where it was part of Expo '67 in the Carrefour International at the La Ronde amusement area. After that fair closed, the ride was moved into the Kiddieland area of the now-permanent La Ronde Amusement Park. The 1885 "Le Galopant" carousel was restored in 2008 and still turns in LaRonde today, which is now owned by Six Flags.
• The R33 and R36 cars built for the IRT Flushing Line (#7) subway route that served the 1964 fair ran the route for over 39 years afterwards, with some still in revenue service through 2003. Some of the rolling stock still survives today in maintenance work use or in storage. Three of these cars (9306, 9586, 9587) are in the collection of the New York Transit Museum, with 9306 regularly on display there. The rest of the fleet has been sunk to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean as part of the "Redbird Reef" off the coast of the Northeast US, to serve as an artificial barrier reef habitat for marine life.

src: c8.alamy.com

Cultural references

• The Queens Museum has approximately 900 items on permanent display from both the 1964/1965 and 1939/1940 World's Fairs.

• Connecticut Public Television produced The 1964 World's Fair, a documentary about the fair narrated by Judd Hirsch (1996).
• The 1997 film Men in Black presents the fair as having been a cover for the first arrival of alien life forms on Earth, with their two spaceships being incorporated into the observation towers.
• The fair features heavily in the 2015 Disney film Tomorrowland.
• Alternative Rock band They Might Be Giants have often referred to the event in their songs, notably with 'Ana Ng' referencing the event directly, and the music video for 'Don't Let's Start' which was shot at the site of the fair.

src: pastdaily.com

Gallery

src: i.pinimg.com

See also

• List of world expositions
• List of world's fairs

src: i.ytimg.com

References

Bibliography

• World's Fair Legacies William P. Young.
• Flushing Meadows-Corona Park Today William P. Young.
• International Participation in the New York World's Fair 1964-1965 Sharyn Elise Jackson.
• Editors, Time-Life Books Official Guide: 1964-1965 New York World's Fair . Book Sales: 1963-1965.
• Third Supplemental Report on New York World's Fair 1964-1965 Corporation Covering Operations from Inception to December 31, 1966. October 26, 1967.
• Cotter, Bill; Young, Bill (July 21, 2008). The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair: Creation and Legacy (Images of America). Arcadia Publishing. p. 128. ISBN 978-0738557458.
• Samuel, Lawrence R. (August 30, 2007). The End of the Innocence: The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair (First ed.). Syracuse University Press. p. 243. ISBN 978-0815608905.
• New York Public Library archives of '64-'65 World's Fair. Manuscripts & Archives Division of Fair Administration, Construction, Maintenance, Participation, and Public Relations.
• Gordon, John Steele, "The World's Fair: It was a disaster from the beginning," American Heritage Magazine, October 2006, Volume 57, Issue 5.

Notes

External links

• New York State Pavilion Project
• New York 1964-1965 World's Fair
• nywf64.com (1964/1965 New York World's Fair Website)
• "Peace Through Understanding" - A New York World's Fair Community and Electronic Bulletin Board
• "BBQ Productions" - An independent film production company that spent 15 years to produce a documentary film about The 1964/65 New York world's Fair
• Bygone LI 64 Worlds Fair Page
• 1964-'65 New York page on ExpoMuseum.com
• A Collection of Photos on flickr

Videos

• Documentary film about the 1964 New York World's Fair
• Bring Back the New York World's Fair 1964 on YouTube
• Black-and-white newsreel of 1964 World's Fair on YouTube
• The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair Remembered on YouTube
• 1964-1965 New York World's Fair - A look back slideshow on YouTube
• New York World's Fair 1964 1965 - New York State Pavilion on YouTube
• Color home movie of 1964 New York World's Fair exhibits on YouTube
• Aerial view of the 1964 New York World's Fair showing the pavilions on YouTube
• Internet Archive: New York World's Fair, 1964/03/02 Newsreel
• Internet Archive: To The Fair! (Part 1) (1965) Film about a trip to the 1964 New York World's Fair. Part 1
• Internet Archive: To The Fair! (Part 2) (1965) Film about a trip to the 1964 New York World's Fair. Part 2
• Internet Archive: 1964 New York World's Fair Report (1961) Film about planning the fair with Robert Moses.
• Internet Archive: Out Of This World Film about a woman going to the General Motors Pavilion to see the Kitchen of Tomorrow.

Source of article : Wikipedia

Valley View Casino Center

src: gearyfloors.com

Valley View Casino Center (formerly San Diego Sports Arena and iPayOne Center) is an indoor arena located at Sports Arena Blvd in Point Loma, San Diego, California.

The arena seats 12,000 for arena football, 12,920 for ice hockey, 14,500 for basketball and tennis, 5,450 for amphitheater concerts and stage shows, 8,900-14,800 for arena concerts, 13,000 for ice shows and the circus and 16,100 for boxing and mixed martial arts.

In 2000, Amusement Business/Billboard Magazine listed the arena as the "#1" facility in the nation for venues seating 10,001 to 15,000 seats. The same magazine ranked the arena as #2 in 2002 and as the #5 facility in 2003. In 2007, the arena was ranked as the #5 facility by Billboard Magazine. In 2013, U-T San Diego named the arena #3 on its list of the 50 most notable locations in San Diego sports history.

Video Valley View Casino Center

Location and access

The arena is located at 3500 Sports Arena Blvd., which is slightly southwest of the interchange of Interstate 5 and Interstate 8. This places it in the Midway neighborhood, approximately 10 minutes away from San Diego International Airport by car and about a mile away from the Old Town Transit Center by foot.

Maps Valley View Casino Center

Naming rights

The venue's original name was the San Diego International Sports Center. The name was later renamed the "San Diego Sports Arena", which it kept until 2004. In the latter year and until 2007, iPayOne, a real estate savings company based in Carlsbad, California, held the arena's naming rights. The deal was worth $2.5 million over five years.

On April 8, 2007, Ernie Hahn II, CEO of Arena Group 2000 which holds the leasing rights to the property, announced that AG2000 has defaulted iPayOne out of the remainder of the contract for non payment. According to Hahn, iPayOne has been in and out of default in payments - mostly balloon payments - in the last year. In addition, iPayOne appears to be halting operations and is accepting no new listings. As a result, the name was changed back to the San Diego Sports Arena.

On October 12, 2010, it was announced that the arena's name had been changed to the "Valley View Casino Center", under a $1.5 million, 5-year agreement between the arena operator AEG, the San Pasqual Band of Diegueno Mission Indians and the city of San Diego.

src: i.ytimg.com

History

The arena was built in 1966 by Robert Breitbard, a local football hero who played for Hoover High School and San Diego State, for $6.4 million. The seating capacity could seat 13,000 hockey spectators or 13,700 for basketball games.

The arena opened on November 17, 1966, when more than 11,000 pro hockey fans watched the San Diego Gulls (then a member of the Western Hockey League) win their season opener, 4-1, against the Seattle Totems.

1972 GOP National Convention

In 1972, the Republican Party considered the arena for its National Convention. With little warning, however, the GOP decided to hold the convention in Miami Beach. To compensate for this blow to local prestige, then-mayor (and future California governor) Pete Wilson gave San Diego the by-name of "America's Finest City", which is still the city's official moniker.

Sports franchises and events

The most notable sporting event to take place in the arena was the 1973 Ken Norton-Muhammad Ali fight in which, by split decision, San Diego local Norton won. At the San Diego Indoor Track Meet, Irish distance runner Eamonn Coghlan broke the world record for the indoor mile in 1979 and 1981. A photo of his crossing the finish line appeared around the world including the cover of Sports Illustrated. Coghlan's time for the 1981 race is still the world record for the indoor mile.

It was the home of the San Diego Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1967 to 1971, the San Diego Conquistadors and San Diego Sails of the American Basketball Association from 1974 to 1976, the San Diego Mariners of the World Hockey Association from 1974 to 1977, the San Diego Friars of World Team Tennis (WTT) from 1975 to 1978, the San Diego Clippers of the NBA from 1978 to 1984, the San Diego State University Aztecs basketball teams, off and on, from 1966 to 1997, the San Diego Sockers indoor soccer team which won 10 titles in the arena, as well as other small sports franchises. The San Diego Sockers made their return to the arena in 2012 for their fourth season in the PASL-Pro from the Del Mar Arena. The San Diego Aviators of WTT relocated from New York City prior to the 2014 season and began playing their home matches in the arena. On December 29, 2014, the Aviators announced that the team would move its home matches to the Omni La Costa Resort and Spa in nearby Carlsbad for the 2015 season.

The venue hosted the 1971 NBA All-Star Game and the 1975 NCAA men's basketball Final Four, where UCLA was victorious in John Wooden's final game.

The Boston Bruins, whose home ice was of the same dimensions, used the San Diego Gulls as a farm team in the 1960s and 1970s.

The arena also hosted UFC on Versus 2 on August 1, 2010, with former champion Jon Jones headlining the event. The UFC returned on July 15, 2015 for UFC Fight Night: Mir vs. Duffee.

In 2015, the Anaheim Ducks relocated their American Hockey League affiliate to San Diego to become another iteration of the San Diego Gulls and using the Valley View Casino Center for their home games.

On August 7, 2016, the arena played host to the Arena Football League's Los Angeles Kiss as they faced the Cleveland Gladiators in the first round of the AFL Playoffs. The game was moved to San Diego due to the Kiss' home arena, the Honda Center in Anaheim hosting the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus that weekend. The Kiss would lose to the Gladiators 56-52 in front of a crowd of 4,692. It was the first AFL game ever to be played at the arena and the first arena football game played there since 2005, when the af2's San Diego Riptide played their home games at the arena from 2002 to 2005.

On August 29, 2017, the National Lacrosse League announced that billionaire owner Joe Tsai of Alibaba has been awarded an NLL franchise to begin playing in November 2018 for the 2018-2019 season.

Concerts

The Stone Poneys played a date here on Saturday, January 13, 1968 as 'Different Drum' was climbing the national Top 20.

Jimi Hendrix recorded his 13-minute jam version of "Red House" here, on May 24, 1969. The full concert was released in 1991 as part of the Stages box set.

Elvis played the International Sports arena twice: 1st on November 15, 1970 and again on April 24, 1976. The attendance was 14,659 in 1970 and 17,500 in 1976.

The Grateful Dead played a highly regarded show here on November 14, 1973, including noteworthy versions of 'Here Comes Sunshine,' 'The Other One,' and 'Wharf Rat.'

The gatefold photograph inside KISS' album, Alive II, was shot here in 1977.

The Bee Gees played to a sold-out crowd on July 5, 1979 during their Spirits Having Flown Tour.

ABBA played here during their 1979 world tour.

Heart performed here on August 24, 1980. The band's Greatest Hits/Live included a medley of "I'm Down" and "Long Tall Sally" recorded at the show.

The German heavy metal rock group, The Scorpions performed there during their 1984 World Wide live tour.

Van Halen played two sold-out shows on May 20th and 21st on their 1984 Tour, two sold-out shows on their 1986 5150 Tour on June 28 and 29, 1986, a sold-out show on their 1988 OU812 tour on November 19, 1988, two sold-out shows on their For Unlawful Carnal Knowledge Tour on May 1 and 3, 1992, and a sold-out show on their 1995 The Balance "Ambulance" Tour on April 2, 1995.

Dio performed during their Sacred Heart Tour on December 6, 1985. The show was recorded and later released as a live album, entitled Intermission.

Bon Jovi played a sold-out show on January 16, 1987 on their Slippery When Wet world tour.

Metallica performed two consecutive shows, during their Wherever We May Roam Tour, on January 13-14, 1992. The shows were recorded and later released on VHS/DVD, entitled Live Shit: Binge & Purge on November 23, 1993.

Nirvana performed during their In Utero tour on December 29, 1993.

Diana Ross was scheduled to perform during her Return to Love Tour on August 2, 2000, but the show was cancelled, due to low ticket sales.

Tina Turner was scheduled to perform during her Twenty Four Seven Tour on December 2, 2000, with Joe Cocker as her opening act, but the show was cancelled.

Britney Spears opened her 2004 Onyx Hotel Tour

U2 performed at the venue for the first two shows of their Vertigo Tour on March 28 and 30, 2005.

Lady Gaga performed at the arena on December 19, 2009 during her Monster Ball Tour.

Eric Clapton performed at the venue on March 17, 2007 with special guests JJ Cale, Doyle Bramhall II, Derek Trucks and Robert Cray. Nine years later, Clapton released the audio recording of the show in honor of Cale who died in 2013 on the live album Live in San Diego.

Madonna played a date here on October 29, 2015, during her Rebel Heart Tour.

Muse played a date here on January 7, 2016, on their Drones World Tour.

Jason Aldean played a date here late in 2016, on his Six-String Nation Tour, with Kid Rock as his opening act.

Justin Bieber played a date here on March 29, 2016 as a part of his Purpose World Tour.

Sheryl Crow, Bob Dylan and Willie Nelson played a date here in September 2017 as part of their Outlaw Music Festival tour.

Janet Jackson played a date here on October 7, 2017, during her State of the World Tour.

Lana Del Rey performed at the venue on February 15, 2018 as part of her LA to the Moon Tour, with support from Kali Uchis.

Slayer kicked off their final tour here on May 10, 2018, with support from Lamb of God, Anthrax, Behemoth and Testament.

Other events

The arena has hosted several WWE events, including many episodes of Raw and Smackdown, some ECW episodes, one episode of the original NXT, many House shows (live events), Vengeance (2001), which saw the unification of the WCW Championship and WWE Championship, Taboo Tuesday (2005) and One Night Stand (2008).

The 2011 version of Wrex the Halls was hosted here over two days with headliners Florence and the Machine and Blink-182 headlining respective nights. Both nights were sold out.

The arena has also been home to events of the original Roller Games league, featuring its flagship team, the Los Angeles Thunderbirds, as well as the alternating Roller Derby leagues of the time, featuring their flagship team, the San Francisco Bay Bombers.

In film

The exterior of the arena and its parking lot are featured in an early scene of Cameron Crowe's 2000 film, Almost Famous.

src: www.aegworldwide.com

References

src: gearyfloors.com

External links

• Valley View Casino Center

Source of article : Wikipedia

Honda Accord (ninth generation)

src: autoweek.com

The ninth generation Honda Accord is a mid-size car introduced in 2012 by Honda, and received a refreshed front fascia, grill, head lights, rear lights, and alloy wheel designs for the 2016 model year. With the discontinuation of smaller European and Japanese market Accord in 2015, the larger North American Accord became the only version in production, with the Hybrid version taking over as the flagship of Honda's automotive product in many markets that once received the smaller Accord.

Video Honda Accord (ninth generation)

Overview

For the ninth-generation Accord, Honda appointed Shoji Matsui, who served as an engineer on the Accord platform from 1985 to 1996 as lead project manager. It is the first Honda vehicle to be completely developed under the administration of Honda CEO Takanobu Ito.

Accord Coupe Concept

Honda revealed the Accord Coupe Concept at the 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. In August 2012, the company released initial details pertaining to the 2013 Accord sedan, and production versions of both the sedan and coupe were fully unveiled in early September 2012. The Accord sedan went on sale on 19 September 2012 in the United States, with the coupe following on 15 October. Corresponding release dates in Canada for the sedan and coupe models are 24 September 2012 and 1 November 2012, respectively. In February 2013, the Accord was scheduled to enter the Russian market. In June 2013, the Accord hybrid and plug-in hybrid were introduced to the Japanese market, with the discontinuation of the Honda Inspire, serving as Honda's large sedan and one level below the Honda Legend.

Maps Honda Accord (ninth generation)

History

All Accords come with standard an 8-inch 480 x 320 pixel WQVGA resolution LCD screen, single angle backup camera, Honda's i-MID system which includes Bluetooth hands free calling with SMS texting and streaming audio, USB connector, dual zone automatic climate control and alloy wheels. The available navigation system adds a 6-inch touchscreen and the 8-inch screen uses a higher 800 x 480 pixel resolution WVGA display. A tri-angle (normal, wide and top view) backup camera and wide angle passenger blind spot side view camera are also available. New safety features include an optional forward collision warning system, lane departure warning system and blind spot monitor. Highline models (EX, EX-L, and Touring grades) offer Smart Key, LED daytime running lamps, headlamps, and tail lamps; and an adaptive cruise control system. The 2016 Honda Accord will be the first mass-market car that will be equipped with Apple CarPlay & the second car to also be compatible with Android Auto.

In the Australian market, the 9th generation Accord went on sale in June 2013. It is available with either a 2.4 L 129 kW (173 hp) four-cylinder or 3.5 L 206 kW (276 hp) V6 engine. Unlike the North American market Accord, a CVT transmission is not offered. Instead, the four-cylinder uses a carryover five-speed automatic, while the V6 receives a new six-speed automatic.

In China, the 9th generation Accord went on sale in September 2013, as a 2014 model. It is available with a choice of 2.0L or 2.4L 4-cylinder engines, or a new 3.0L V6 engine exclusive to the Chinese market. The V6 produces 192 kW (257 hp) and 297 Nm torque. Transmission choices include a CVT for both 4-cylinder engines or 6-speed automatic for the V6; a manual transmission is not offered. The Chinese market Accord features a unique front grill and bumper, incorporating more chrome and smaller, circular front fog lights. The rear features a different bumper with trapezoidal, rather than circular, exhausts.

In the Philippines, the ninth generation Accord was launched in 2014 available in two trims the 2.4 S and 3.5 SV. The 2.4 S variant is available only with five-speed automatic transmission while the 3.5 SV is available with six-speed automatic transmission. The 3.5 SV features a 3.5 SOHC V6 engine, dual exhaust, sunroof and different designed wheels. All models received daytime running lights, reverse camera with dynamic guidelines, active cornering lights, rain sensing wipers, touch screen panel, ECO assist button and LED Head/Tail lamps. The Philippine-spec model being imported from Thailand.

In Malaysia, the ninth generation Accord was launched in September 2013 and comes available in three trims; the 2.0 VTi, 2.0 VTi-L and 2.4 VTi-L. The 2.0 variants use an improved R20Z1 engine while the 2.4 variant uses the all-new Earth Dreams 2.4L engine. All variants are mated to a 5-speed torque converter gear box. The facelifted Accord was launched in September 2015 in the same three trims but with added features and equipment to each trim. It also comes with three new colors; White Orchid Pearl, Obsidian Blue Pearl and Lunar Silver Metallic.

Accord Plug-in Hybrid

The production version of the 2014 Accord Plug-in hybrid was introduced at the 2012 Los Angeles Auto Show. The Accord PHEV pricing starts at US$39,780 and sales began in the U.S. in January 2013, with availability limited to California and New York. The Accord PHEV was introduced in Japan in June 2013 and it is available only for leasing, primarily to corporations and government agencies. As of December 2013, the Accord PHEV ranks as the third best selling plug-in hybrid in the Japanese market. A total of 1,030 units have been sold in the United States through May 2015.

Honda unveiled the platform for a mid-size plug-in hybrid electric vehicle at the 2010 Los Angeles Auto Show. The plug-in platform showcased Honda's next-generation two-motor hybrid system, which continuously moves through three different modes to maximize driving efficiency: all-electric, gasoline-electric and an engine direct-drive mode. The plug-in hybrid also uses regenerative braking to charge the battery. In all-electric mode, the vehicle uses a 6 kWh lithium-ion battery and a 120 kW electric motor. The all-electric mode achieves a range of approximately 10 to 15 mi (16 to 24 km) in city driving and a top speed of 62 mph (100 km/h). Fully recharging the battery will take 2 to 2.5 hours using a 120-volt outlet and 1 to 1.5 hours using a 240-volt outlet. Honda announced at the 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit that first US application of both a 2.4-liter direct-injected engine and two-motor plug-in hybrid system to be implemented on the Accord ninth generation, the 2013 Accord Plug-in Hybrid, with sales scheduled for late 2012 or early 2013. Production of the Accord Plug-in Hybrid began on 21 December 2012.

In September 2012 Honda announced that the 2014 model year Accord Plug-in Hybrid sedan will be built in Sayama, Japan. Honda also explained the plug-in will be available in a single highly equipped trim level based on the standard features of the Accord Touring. The 2014 Accord Plug-in Hybrid is scheduled for release in early 2013, and it will serve as the basis for the conventional hybrid version of the Accord Sedan that will go on sale by mid-2013. The production version will feature a 6.7 kWh lithium-ion battery pack to power a 124 kW electric motor mated with the new Earth Dreams i-VTEC 2.0-liter 4-cylinder Atkinson-cycle gasoline engine producing 137 hp (102 kW) at 6200 rpm, and together the total system output is 196 hp (146 kW), which surpasses that of the Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid (134 hp), Chevrolet Volt (149 hp) and future Ford Fusion Energi plug-in hybrid.

Honda expected the 2014 Accord Plug-in Hybrid to deliver an all-electric range of up to 15 mi (24 km) and a total driving range of more than 500 mi (800 km) based on the U.S. EPA tests as determined by Honda. The carmaker also expected the fuel economy for the Accord Plug-in Hybrid to exceed 100 miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent (MPG-e) (2.4 L/100 km; 120 mpg-imp equivalent), and also expects it to receive an Enhanced AT-PZEV rating from the California Air Resources Board (CARB).

The official EPA ratings for the plug-in hybrid are 13 mi (21 km) of all-electric range with a combined fuel economy rating of 115 miles per gallon of gasoline equivalent (MPG-e), the highest in its class. EPA ratings for operation in hybrid mode are 46 mpg_-US (5.1 L/100 km; 55 mpg_-imp) in combined city/highway cycle, 47 mpg_-US (5.0 L/100 km; 56 mpg_-imp) in city, and 46 mpg_-US (5.1 L/100 km; 55 mpg_-imp) in highway driving. The 2014 Accord PHEV is the first car in the U.S. to meet the new LEV3/SULEV20 emissions standards, and will get single-occupant carpool access in California.

Plug-in and Natural Gas GX discontinued

The Accord Plug-in Hybrid was discontinued after the 2015 model year, together with the Civic Hybrid and the natural gas-powered Honda Civic GX. This decision was due in part to Honda's ability to advance fuel economy through conventional engine technology. In 2017, Honda launched the Honda Clarity plug-in hybrid and battery electric vehicle, after the introduction of the next-generation Clarity fuel cell vehicle in 2016.

2016 refresh and 2017 Hybrid

The ninth-generation Accord received a refresh for the 2016 model year. Changes to outer appearance include new front fascia, grill, head lights, rear lights, and alloy wheel designs. The Hybrid Accord returned for the 2017 model year with revised running gear that has combined output of 214 hp (160 kW), up from 196 hp (146 kW) of the 2014 & 2015 model years version. The Plug-in Hybrid Accord did not make a return, instead replaced by the 2017 Honda Clarity PHEV.

src: i.ytimg.com

Mechanical

The ninth-generation Accord offers the following powertrains: A new direct injected "Earth Dreams" 2.4-liter 16-valve DOHC four-cylinder engine rated at 185 hp (138 kW) to 181 lb?ft (245 N?m) of torque paired with either a six-speed manual or continuously variable transmission; an updated 3.5-liter 24-valve SOHC V6 mated either to a six-speed manual or automatic rated at 278 hp (207 kW) and 252 lb?ft (342 N?m); and a hybrid powertrain (named i-MMD) that integrates a 2.0 liter Atkinson Cycle gasoline engine with an electric motor and lithium-ion battery pack in North America. The hybrid system acts as an electric continuously variable transmission while in gasoline-electric hybrid mode, and is rated at 196 hp (146 kW) and 226 lb?ft (306 N?m). Both conventional and plug-in hybrid configurations are offered, both released in the U.S. market in the second half of 2013.

Honda has focused on economy, ride quality, responsiveness, and ride comfort with a completely redesigned front suspension. A simpler MacPherson strut design, replaces the class leading and highly refined double wishbone front suspension, in use since the second generation Accord. The rear suspension retains the independent multi-link suspension. The costlier design is now available only on the top-tier Acura RLX. The new front suspension helps shave weight and free up room in the engine compartment. In addition to the safety concerns of Honda's Advanced Compatibility Engineering, there is focus on body stiffness and dynamic handling response by improving structural rigidity around the front strut tower and lower control arm. All but the LX trim feature a strut bar. All trims receive upgraded shocks front and rear. The Touring trim now comes with more sophisticated double piston shocks called "Amplitude Reactive Dampers" that have been recently introduced on several Acura models.

The Accord's body now utilizes 55.8% high strength steel, a total of 17.2% are either of 780, 980 or 1,500 MPa yield strength types which were not used in the previous generation. The Accord's previous steel front subframe has been replaced with an aluminum and steel component that weighs 14 lb (6.4 kg) less and is manufactured using friction stir welding (hybrid models use an all-aluminum subframe and hood). Overall the body weight sheds 55 lb (25 kg).

In North America, the 2016 Accord now features front brake disc diameters from 11.1 in (LX only), 11.5 in, or 12.3 in (Sport / Touring), depending on model and trim, while the rear discs measure 11.1 inches in diameter.

src: www.motorbeam.com

Trim levels

Two additional trim levels are added in North American markets, Sport and Touring. The Accord Sport Sedan is slotted between the LX and EX models and features a 2.4-liter 16-valve DOHC inline-four engine rated at 189hp and 182 lb?ft (247 N?m) of torque, 18-inch wheels and wider tires, dual exhaust, a decklid spoiler, fog lights, leather-trimmed steering wheel and seats, exclusive carbon-fiber-style dash trim, and steering wheel mounted paddle shifters on models equipped with the continuously variable transmission. Starting in the model year 2016, the Sport trim featured LED daytime running lights, upgraded LED fog lights, as well as the 19-inch alloy wheels, wider and lower profile (235/40 R19 96V) tires, and bigger front brake rotors found in the Accord Touring Sedan, the lineup's flagship. The Touring trim is available with either four-cylinder or V6 engines in Canada; U.S. Touring models are equipped with the V6 engine exclusively.

src: carhdwallpapers.club

Safety

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS)

NHTSA

src: autoweek.com

External links

• Accord at Honda Worldwide

src: i.ytimg.com

References

Source of article : Wikipedia

New York Mets Radio Network

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The New York Mets Radio Network, referred to on air as the WOR Mets Radio Network Driven by Your TriHonda Dealers, is a radio network owned by iHeartMedia that broadcasts New York Mets baseball games. It consists of 14 stations (12A.M., 2 F.M. and 1 F.M. translator) in the states of Connecticut, Florida, New Jersey, and New York. A Spanish-language broadcast airs separately from the English-language network.

The English-language flagship is WOR, which acquired the radio rights to the Mets during the 2013 offseason. The Mets had previously aired their games on WFAN since the station was founded in 1987, and factoring in the station's predecessors the relationship dated back to 1983. The relationship with WFAN ended following the 2013 season when the station acquired the radio rights to the New York Yankees from corporate sibling WCBS. The Mets' move to WOR makes the team the first professional team since the now-Brooklyn Nets to air its games on the station; the Nets, along with their then-arenamates the New Jersey Devils, were picked up by WFAN following the station's loss of broadcast rights for the New York Knicks and New York Rangers in 2004. WEPN is the Spanish flagship.

Howie Rose and Josh Lewin alternate play-by-play and color commentary on the broadcasts, with Wayne Randazzo serving as pre-game and post-game host. Ed Coleman previously hosted the pre-game and post-game shows, which were called Mets Extra by WFAN, and served as a substitute broadcaster when necessary (usually for Lewin, who in addition to his Mets duties is the radio voice of the San Diego Chargers and is forced to miss weekend games in September in order to fulfill those duties). However, in January 2014 it was announced that Coleman would not be part of the WOR broadcasts as he has been employed by WFAN since its inception. (Although WFAN personalities Chris Carlin and Marc Malusis have been heard on WOR through its broadcasts of Rutgers University sporting events, WOR does not produce Rutgers' games and is instead an affiliate of its radio network.)

Video New York Mets Radio Network

Flagships (2 stations)

• 710/WOR: New York City (2014-2018)
• 1050/WEPN: New York City (Spanish flagship) (2013-)

Maps New York Mets Radio Network

Affiliates (13 stations)

Connecticut (2 stations + 1 F.M. translator)

• 800/WLAD: Danbury
• 1300/WAVZ: New Haven
• 94.1/W231DJ: Danbury (translator for WLAD)

New York (8 stations)

• 1120/WKAJ: Oneonta
• 1200/WTLA: North Syracuse
• 1230/WMML: Glens Falls
• 1310/WSGO: Oswego
• 1450/WKIP: Poughkeepsie
• 1490/WCSS: Amsterdam
• 100.9/WKLI-FM: Albany, New York
• 102.5/WBAZ: Watermill, Long Island

New Jersey (1 station)

• 1410/WHTG: Toms River

Florida (1 station)

• 1590/WPSL: Port St. Lucie

src: sxmfeed.files.wordpress.com

Former flagships (12 stations)

• 570/WMCA: New York City (1978-1982)
• 620/WSKQ: Jersey City, New Jersey (1990-1996)
• 660/WFAN: New York City (1988-2013)
• 770/WABC: New York City (1962 & 1963)
• 970/WJRZ: Hackensack (1967-1971)
• 1050/WMGM: New York City (1964-1966)
• 1050/WHN: New York City (1972-1974, 1983-1987)
• 1050/WFAN: New York City (1987-1988)
• 1130/WNEW: New York City (1975-1977)
• 1280/WADO: New York City (1997-2009)
• 1380/WBNX: New York City (1982)
• 1380/WKDM: New York City (1983-1986)
• 1480/WHOM: New York City (1962-1974)
• 1480/WJIT: New York City (1987-1989)
• 92.7/WQBU-FM: Garden City, New York (2010-2012)
• 101.9/WFAN-FM: New York City (2013)
• VENE International Network (1975-1981)

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Former affiliates (4 stations + 1 translator)

• 980/WOFX: Troy, New York
• 96.9/W245BA: Manorville (translator for WLIR-FM)
• 107.1/WLIR-FM: Hampton Bays (was supposed to be an affiliate in 2014, however its format reverted to religion.)
• 104.9/WINU: Altamont, New York (2015-2017)
• 590/WROW: Albany, New York (2018)

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See also

• List of XM Satellite Radio channels
• List of Sirius Satellite Radio stations
• List of New York Mets broadcasters

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References

Source of article : Wikipedia

Everett Station

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Everett Station is an Amtrak train station serving the city of Everett, Washington. The station has provided service to the Cascades and Empire Builder routes since its opening in 2002, replacing an earlier station near the Port of Everett. The four-story building also houses social service programs and is the center of a 10-acre (4 ha) complex that includes parking lots and a large bus station used primarily by Community Transit, Everett Transit, and Sound Transit Express. The station has served as the northern terminus of the Sounder North Line since 2003 and Swift Bus Rapid Transit since 2009. It consists of two side platforms, one serving Amtrak and the other serving Sounder commuter trains. Everett Station also functions as a park and ride, with 1,067 short-term parking spaces located in lots around the station after it was expanded by Sound Transit in 2009.

Video Everett Station

Services

Everett Station is served by six daily Amtrak trains: four Cascades runs between Seattle and Vancouver, British Columbia, and two Empire Builder runs between Seattle and Chicago. The station is also served by the North Line of Sound Transit's Sounder commuter rail service, running four trains in peak direction towards King Street Station in Seattle during the morning commute and four trains from Seattle during the evening commute, only on weekdays and during special events. Train service to Everett is most often disrupted and canceled during the autumn and winter seasons because of landslides along the shoreline of the Puget Sound, where the BNSF mainline tracks run. During the 2012-2013 winter season, a record-high of 206 passenger trains between Everett and Seattle were canceled, prompting the Washington State Department of Transportation to begin a three-year landslide mitigation project in 2013 that will stabilize slopes above the railroad between Seattle and Everett.

The Everett Station complex also includes a bus station with 26 bus bays that serve as a major transfer station for routes from Snohomish County. Everett Transit operates the majority of its bus routes out of their 12 bus bays on Smith Avenue. Community Transit has six routes at the station, serving as the terminus for local service from Smokey Point, Marysville, Snohomish, Lake Stevens, and Monroe; CT also debuted their Swift bus rapid transit service in 2009, with Everett Station as the northern terminus of the route along the Highway 99 corridor to Shoreline. Sound Transit runs three of its ST Express bus routes out of Everett Station, with peak-only, limited-stop service to Seattle and Bellevue, as well as all-day service to Seattle via Lynnwood Transit Center, along Interstate 5 and Interstate 405. Skagit Transit runs a weekday inter-county express route (Route 90X) from the station to the Skagit Transportation Center in Mount Vernon and Chuckanut Park & Ride in Burlington; Island Transit also runs a peak-only weekday express route (Route 412C) from Everett Station to Stanwood and Camano Island. Paratransit to the front door of the station building is provided by Community Transit and Everett Station through the Dial a Ride program.

Daily intercity bus service to Everett Station is provided by Greyhound Lines and Northwestern Trailways.

Maps Everett Station

Station layout

The Everett Station complex is located on 10 acres (4.0 ha; 0.016 sq mi) situated between Downtown Everett to the west and Interstate 5 to the east. The train platforms are located on the east side of the station building and bus bays, along three BNSF-owned railway tracks. The covered west platform, used by the Sounder commuter rail service, is located directly east of the station building, while a partially sheltered platform, used by Amtrak, is situated on the second set of tracks and is accessible by several pedestrian at-grade crossings. Directly south of the main building are the bus bays, which are centered around a covered walkway that connects the train platforms to the Swift bus rapid transit station. 1,067 short-term parking spaces are located around the station complex, including the initial parking lot west of the tracks and an additional parking lot accessible by a pedestrian bridge over the tracks. In addition to the short-term parking lots, there are 25 designated Amtrak/Greyhound parking stalls and eight rideshare vehicles stalls located at the front of the station building.

Station building

The station building is a four-floor brick-and-glass structure housing 64,000 square feet (5,900 m²) that includes ticketing offices, a waiting area, classrooms, and community rooms. The front façade mainly comprises a three-story glass wall inside of a 34,000-pound (15,000 kg; 15 t) precast steel arch, facing a small plaza at the intersection of Smith Avenue and 32nd Street. The lobby is decorated with an inlaid terrazzo floor with a design representing local waterways, accompanied by a three-story atrium consisting of a large glass wall and a large clock. The station building, designed by architectural firm Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Partnership, houses ticket counters and waiting areas for Amtrak and Greyhound in addition to passenger amenities, such as restrooms, payphones, a customer service center, and ORCA card vending machines, open daily from 6am to 10pm. The station has weatherproof bicycle lockers in addition to 6 short-term bicycle racks located at the front of the station.

In addition to being a multimodal hub for train and bus service, Everett Station functions as a home to social services and educational programs. University Center of North Puget Sound was formerly located on the 2nd floor of the station building, providing baccalaureate and graduate degrees through local universities and colleges until it moved to the campus of Everett Community College in 2010. The Everett branches of WorkForce and WorkSource, which are public employment services operated by the Washington State Employment Security Department that provide career development training and job placement assistance to unemployed, are located on the 3rd and 4th floors, respectively. The 4th floor is also home to the Weyerhaeuser Room, a 2,800-square-foot (0.00026 km²) public meeting space, named for the philanthropic arm of the Weyerhaeuser Company in 2003 after their donation of murals displayed throughout Everett Station.

Awards and recognition

The City of Everett and ZGF Partnership were recognized by the Puget Sound Regional Council with a "Vision 2020" award for its combination of a transportation hub and community gathering place into a single project. Everett Station also won the 2006 Citation Award from the Washington branch of the American Institute of Architects, whose jury commended the City of Everett on the station housing "an innovative mix of transit, educational functions, and community spaces; delights travelers; and is welcoming to the public for classes, public meetings, and banquets."

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History

Prior to the opening of Everett Station in 2002, Amtrak served the city of Everett at a small station located at 2900 Bond Street, overlooking the Port of Everett west of downtown. It saw free commuter rail service from January to March 1995 as part of the "Try Rail" demonstration, consisting of two daily roundtrips from Seattle and special service to Seattle SuperSonics games at the Tacoma Dome. The Bond Street Station, originally built by the Great Northern Railway in 1910, was originally planned to be kept as a secondary commuter rail station without parking or major bus connections until it was removed from Sound Transit's plans in 2001. The station was closed in November 2002 and has since become the offices of the BNSF Railway Northwest Division.

The City of Everett selected a straightaway track segment east of downtown as the preferred location of a multimodal train/bus station, to replace the existing Amtrak station at Bond Street, in 1993. The Everett City Council chose a two-block industrial site bordered by Pacific Avenue to the north in 1995, estimating a cost of $30 million and an opening in 1998. Everett Mayor Ed Hansen proposed adding two additional stories to the station building to house classrooms and space for career counseling services, inspired by a similar project in Oakland, California. The Sound Transit Board passed a resolution in February 1999 allowing the use of $14 million to begin work on the Everett Multimodal Facility, which was to be the terminus for Sounder commuter rail and Sound Transit Express bus service. A groundbreaking ceremony was held on July 13, 2000, allowing for construction on Everett Station to begin. Sound Transit began with the construction of the Pacific Avenue overpass, replacing an earlier at-grade crossing, that opened on November 14, 2001 at a cost of $20 million. The station building was designed by the Zimmer Gunsul Frasca Partnership and built by Wilder Construction Company in 2000 and 2001.

The $46.9 million station was opened during a ribbon-cutting ceremony on February 4, 2002, attended by Everett Mayor Ed Hansen, Governor Gary Locke, U.S. Representative Rick Larsen, Snohomish County Executive Bob Drewel and Sound Transit Board chairman and King County Executive Ron Sims. Initially, only Everett Transit and Community Transit operated out of the station on opening day, but they were quickly joined by Sound Transit Express service the following day and Greyhound intercity bus service that summer. Amtrak was initially expected to begin serving Everett Station in July 2002, but the construction of a passing track delayed the move of the Cascades and Empire Builder from Bond Street Station to November 12. Construction of a Sounder commuter rail platform and rail spur was approved by the Everett City Council in September 2002, pending reimbursement from Sound Transit and Amtrak for its cost of $726,000. Sounder service to King Street Station in Seattle via Edmonds began with special Seattle Seahawks gameday service on December 22, 2003, carrying 700 passengers on the inaugural run of the Sounder North Line.

Sound Transit expanded parking capacity at Everett Station to 1,067 spaces with the addition of 440 stalls, located east of the station and connected via a pedestrian overpass, that opened in May 2009 at a cost of $13.6 million. The southern lot of the station was cleared to build the terminus of Community Transit's Swift Bus Rapid Transit line, which began service on November 29, 2009, connecting Everett to Shoreline via the State Route 99 corridor.

Everett Station was proposed as the site of a University of Washington branch campus, with state consultants choosing 32 acres (0.13 km²) around the station to house 5,000 students from Snohomish, Island County and Skagit County. The project, dubbed UW North Sound, was put on hold in December 2008 and has since been canceled. With Link Light Rail service expected to be extended from Lynnwood Transit Center to Everett Station in the near future, the City of Everett has since planned to rezone the station's surrounding area to allow multifamily housing, encouraging transit-oriented development by raising height limits to 80 feet (24 m). Another proposal would have a 500-stall parking garage built to replace the southernmost lot at a cost of $15-18 million, allowing Everett Transit to transform the existing western lot into mixed-use development.

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References

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External links

• Amtrak - Stations - Everett, WA
• Everett, WA (EVR) - Great American Stations (Amtrak)
• City of Everett

Source of article : Wikipedia